翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Rwandan parliamentary election, 1981 ・ Rwandan parliamentary election, 1983 ・ Rwandan parliamentary election, 1988 ・ Rwandan parliamentary election, 2003 ・ Rwandan parliamentary election, 2008 ・ Rwandan parliamentary election, 2013 ・ Rwandan passport ・ Rwandan Patriotic Front ・ Rwandan plane crash ・ Rwandan presidential election, 1978 ・ Rwandan presidential election, 1983 ・ Rwandan presidential election, 1988 ・ Rwandan presidential election, 2003 ・ Rwandan presidential election, 2010 ・ Rwandan Red Cross ・ Rwandan Revolution ・ Rwandan Rugby Federation ・ Rwandan Second Division ・ Rwandan Sign Language ・ Rwandan Survivors ・ Rwandapaparazzi ・ Rwandatel ・ Rwanda–Tanzania relations ・ Rwanda–United States relations ・ Rwandese Socialist Party ・ Rwang Pam Stadium ・ Rwankona ・ Rwanyanya ・ Rwashi ・ RWB Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Rwandan Revolution ： ウィキペディア英語版 Rwandan Revolution The Rwandan Revolution, also known as the Social Revolution or Wind of Destruction ((ルワンダ語:muyaga)), was a period of ethnic violence in Rwanda from 1959 to 1961 between the Hutu and the Tutsi, two of the three ethnic groups in Rwanda. The revolution saw the country transition from a Belgian colony with a Tutsi monarchy to an independent Hutu-dominated republic. Rwanda had been ruled by a Tutsi monarchy since at least the 18th century, with entrenched pro-Tutsi and anti-Hutu policies. Germany and Belgium successively controlled Rwanda through the early 20th century, with both European nations ruling through the kings and perpetuating a pro-Tutsi policy. After 1945 a Hutu counter-elite developed, leading to the deterioration of relations between the groups. The Tutsi leadership agitated for speedy independence to cement their power, and the Hutu elite called for the transfer of power from Tutsi to Hutu (a stance increasingly supported by the Roman Catholic Church and the colonial government). The revolution began in November 1959, with a series of riots and arson attacks on Tutsi homes following false reports of the murder of a Hutu sub-chief by Tutsi activists. Violence quickly spread throughout the country. The king and Tutsi politicians attempted a counterattack to seize power and ostracise the Hutu and the Belgians but were thwarted by Belgian colonel Guy Logiest, who was brought in by the colonial governor. Logiest reestablished law and order, beginning a programme to promote and protect the Hutu elite. The Belgians then replaced many Tutsi chiefs and sub-chiefs with Hutu, consigning King Kigeli V to figurehead status; Kigeli later fled the country. Despite continued anti-Tutsi violence, Belgium organised local elections in mid-1960. Hutu parties gained control of nearly all communes, effectively ending the revolution. Logiest and Hutu leader Grégoire Kayibanda declared Rwanda an autonomous republic in 1961, and the country became independent in 1962. The revolution caused at least 336,000 Tutsi to flee to neighbouring countries, where they lived as refugees. Although the exiles agitated for an immediate return to Rwanda, they were split between those seeking negotiation and those wishing to overthrow the new regime. Some exiles formed armed groups (called ''inyenzi'', or "cockroaches", by the Hutu government), who launched attacks into Rwanda. The largest occurred in late 1963, when a surprise attack approached Kigali. The government fought back, defeating the ''inyenzi'' and killing thousands of the remaining Tutsi in Rwanda. No further threat was posed by the refugees until the 1990s, when a civil war initiated by the Tutsi-refugee ''Front Patriotique Rwandais'' (FPR) forced the Hutu government into negotiations. This led to a rise in Hutu extremism and the 1994 genocide, in which hundreds of thousands of Tutsi were killed before the FPR took control. ==Background== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rwandan Revolution」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.